GreenCalculusGet a free key

  1. Home
  2. Factors
  3. Employee Commuting Emission Factors
Last reviewed September 2026

Employee Commuting Emission Factors

27 emission factors held in the GreenCalculus MasterBrain, drawn from 1 named source, listed with its publisher and licence under Sources below. Values are read live from the data layer on every page build, so nothing here is re-typed and nothing can drift from the figures the calculators use. They span 3 units of measurement — 16 of them in kg CO2e per km — which is why the spread below is reported per unit and never blended. The count includes 3 homeworking factors, a family too small to warrant a page of its own and published nowhere else.

Where these factors are used

Employee Commuting and Homeworking Emissions sets out how factors in this group are applied, and Scope 3 Cat 7 Employee Commuting & Work-From-Home Calculator and Office Carbon Footprint Calculator draw on them directly. Each value below names the upstream source it came from.

What this group contains

What this group contains
MeasureValue
Factors27
Publishers1
Distinct units3
Data versionMasterBrain v2026.284 · updated 2026-11-06
Spread of values, by unit — computed from the 27 factors in this group
UnitFactorsLowestMedianHighest
kg CO2e per km160.083190.142920.26606
kg CO2e per passenger.km80.011350.03520.12552
kg CO2e per FTE working hour30.021590.302340.32393

Figures are computed per unit and never blended: a median across different units would be arithmetically valid and physically meaningless.

What has changed

What has changed — 22 of these factors have been revalued since tracking began
FactorWasNowChangeEdition
DEFRA homeworking (Office Equipment, UK) — kgCO2e per FTE working hour0.031440.02159-31.3%MasterBrain v2026.4 · 2026-06-18
DEFRA homeworking (Homeworking (office equipment + heating), UK) — kgCO2e per FTE working hour0.333780.32393-3.0%MasterBrain v2026.4 · 2026-06-18
DEFRA-derived employee commuting rail (Light rail and tram) — kgCO2e per passenger.km0.02860.02121-25.8%MasterBrain v2026.2 · 2026-06-18
DEFRA-derived employee commuting bus (Average local bus) — kgCO2e per passenger.km0.103850.10151-2.3%MasterBrain v2026.2 · 2026-06-18
DEFRA-derived employee commuting bus (Local bus (not London)) — kgCO2e per passenger.km0.125250.12552+0.2%MasterBrain v2026.2 · 2026-06-18
DEFRA-derived employee commuting rail (International rail) — kgCO2e per passenger.km0.004460.01135+154.5%MasterBrain v2026.1 · 2026-06-18
DEFRA-derived employee commuting rail (London Underground) — kgCO2e per passenger.km0.02780.01549-44.3%MasterBrain v2026.1 · 2026-06-18
DEFRA-derived employee commuting bus (Coach) — kgCO2e per passenger.km0.027760.03948+42.2%MasterBrain v2026.1 · 2026-06-18
DEFRA-derived employee commuting rail (National rail) — kgCO2e per passenger.km0.035460.03092-12.8%MasterBrain v2026.1 · 2026-06-18
DEFRA-derived employee commuting bus (Local London bus) — kgCO2e per passenger.km0.068750.0636-7.5%MasterBrain v2026.1 · 2026-06-18
DEFRA-derived employee commuting car (Large car, hybrid) — kgCO2e per km0.15650.15846+1.3%MasterBrain v2026.1 · 2026-06-18
DEFRA-derived employee commuting car (Average car, hybrid) — kgCO2e per km0.128250.12961+1.1%MasterBrain v2026.1 · 2026-06-18
DEFRA-derived employee commuting car (Large car, petrol) — kgCO2e per km0.268280.26606-0.8%MasterBrain v2026.1 · 2026-06-18
DEFRA-derived employee commuting car (Average car, petrol) — kgCO2e per km0.162720.16152-0.7%MasterBrain v2026.1 · 2026-06-18
DEFRA-derived employee commuting car (Large car, diesel) — kgCO2e per km0.210070.20905-0.5%MasterBrain v2026.1 · 2026-06-18
DEFRA-derived employee commuting car (Medium car, hybrid) — kgCO2e per km0.117240.11678-0.4%MasterBrain v2026.1 · 2026-06-18
DEFRA-derived employee commuting car (Medium car, petrol) — kgCO2e per km0.174740.17411-0.4%MasterBrain v2026.1 · 2026-06-18
DEFRA-derived employee commuting car (Small car, petrol) — kgCO2e per km0.143080.14257-0.4%MasterBrain v2026.1 · 2026-06-18
DEFRA-derived employee commuting car (Small car, hybrid) — kgCO2e per km0.114130.1138-0.3%MasterBrain v2026.1 · 2026-06-18
DEFRA-derived employee commuting car (Average car, diesel) — kgCO2e per km0.173040.17265-0.2%MasterBrain v2026.1 · 2026-06-18
DEFRA-derived employee commuting car (Medium car, diesel) — kgCO2e per km0.171740.17209+0.2%MasterBrain v2026.1 · 2026-06-18
DEFRA-derived employee commuting car (Small car, diesel) — kgCO2e per km0.14340.14327-0.1%MasterBrain v2026.1 · 2026-06-18

Change history is reconstructed from every released edition of the data layer, v2025.13 to v2026.107. A factor absent from this table has held the same value throughout. A change shown as a dash moved off zero, where a percentage has no meaning.

Sources, citation & machine access

Where these factors come from
SourcePublisherYearLicence
UK Government GHG Conversion Factors 2026Department for Energy Security and Net Zero (DESNZ)2026Open Government Licence v3.0

Cite the upstream publisher for the values themselves. The reference below credits this compilation and, more usefully, pins the edition you read.

GreenCalculus. (2026). Employee Commuting Emission Factors (MasterBrain v2026.284). Numbers Publishing Pte. Ltd. https://greencalculus.com/factors/employee-commuting-emission-factors/

Cite this factor group

Values change between editions. Quoting the MasterBrain version is what lets a reader resolve the exact number you used. See the change record above for factors in this group that have moved.

For a reference manager, in BibTeX then RIS:

@misc{greencalculus_commuting_2026,
  author       = {{GreenCalculus}},
  title        = {Employee Commuting Emission Factors},
  year         = {2026},
  howpublished = {GreenCalculus},
  publisher    = {Numbers Publishing Pte. Ltd.},
  note         = {MasterBrain v2026.284},
  url          = {https://greencalculus.com/factors/employee-commuting-emission-factors/}
}
TY  - DATA
AU  - GreenCalculus
TI  - Employee Commuting Emission Factors
PY  - 2026
DB  - GreenCalculus
PB  - Numbers Publishing Pte. Ltd.
ET  - MasterBrain v2026.284
UR  - https://greencalculus.com/factors/employee-commuting-emission-factors/
ER  - 

The factors on this page come from 2 sections of the open API, one address each. No key, no signup:

https://greencalculus.com/wp-json/greencalculus/v1/factors/commuting
https://greencalculus.com/wp-json/greencalculus/v1/factors/homeworking
curl -s "https://greencalculus.com/wp-json/greencalculus/v1/factors/commuting?limit=500"
import requests
base = "https://greencalculus.com/wp-json/greencalculus/v1/factors/"
rows = []
for section in ["commuting", "homeworking"]:
    rows += requests.get(base + section, params={"limit": 500}).json()["factors"]
print(len(rows), "rows across", 2, "sections")

Or the same rows as a spreadsheet, with every factor's source, the edition it last changed in, and its own link:

https://greencalculus.com/wp-json/greencalculus/v1/factors-export?page=employee-commuting-emission-factors

Download this table as CSV

Both responses carry an X-GC-Version header, so a consumer can detect a new edition without diffing the payload. The CSV filename carries the edition too, so two downloads months apart do not collide.

All factors

Commuting — 24 factors
FactorValueUnitGasSourceLast changedCanonical key
DEFRA-derived employee commuting bus (Coach) — kgCO2e per passenger.km0.03948kg CO2e per passenger.kmCO₂eDEFRA_2026'Business travel- land'!D82v2026.1commuting.bus.coach
DEFRA-derived employee commuting bus (Average local bus) — kgCO2e per passenger.km0.10151kg CO2e per passenger.kmCO₂eDEFRA_2026'Business travel- land'!D81v2026.2commuting.bus.local_average
DEFRA-derived employee commuting bus (Local London bus) — kgCO2e per passenger.km0.0636kg CO2e per passenger.kmCO₂eDEFRA_2026'Business travel- land'!D80v2026.1commuting.bus.local_london
DEFRA-derived employee commuting bus (Local bus (not London)) — kgCO2e per passenger.km0.12552kg CO2e per passenger.kmCO₂eDEFRA_2026'Business travel- land'!D79v2026.2commuting.bus.local_non_london
DEFRA-derived employee commuting car (Average car, diesel) — kgCO2e per km0.17265kg CO2e per kmCO₂eDEFRA_2026'Passenger vehicles'!D54v2026.1commuting.car.size.average.diesel
DEFRA-derived employee commuting car (Average car, hybrid) — kgCO2e per km0.12961kg CO2e per kmCO₂eDEFRA_2026'Passenger vehicles'!L54v2026.1commuting.car.size.average.hybrid
DEFRA-derived employee commuting car (Average car, petrol) — kgCO2e per km0.16152kg CO2e per kmCO₂eDEFRA_2026'Passenger vehicles'!H54v2026.1commuting.car.size.average.petrol
DEFRA-derived employee commuting car (Large car, diesel) — kgCO2e per km0.20905kg CO2e per kmCO₂eDEFRA_2026'Passenger vehicles'!D52v2026.1commuting.car.size.large.diesel
DEFRA-derived employee commuting car (Large car, hybrid) — kgCO2e per km0.15846kg CO2e per kmCO₂eDEFRA_2026'Passenger vehicles'!L52v2026.1commuting.car.size.large.hybrid
DEFRA-derived employee commuting car (Large car, petrol) — kgCO2e per km0.26606kg CO2e per kmCO₂eDEFRA_2026'Passenger vehicles'!H52v2026.1commuting.car.size.large.petrol
DEFRA-derived employee commuting car (Medium car, diesel) — kgCO2e per km0.17209kg CO2e per kmCO₂eDEFRA_2026'Passenger vehicles'!D50v2026.1commuting.car.size.medium.diesel
DEFRA-derived employee commuting car (Medium car, hybrid) — kgCO2e per km0.11678kg CO2e per kmCO₂eDEFRA_2026'Passenger vehicles'!L50v2026.1commuting.car.size.medium.hybrid
DEFRA-derived employee commuting car (Medium car, petrol) — kgCO2e per km0.17411kg CO2e per kmCO₂eDEFRA_2026'Passenger vehicles'!H50v2026.1commuting.car.size.medium.petrol
DEFRA-derived employee commuting car (Small car, diesel) — kgCO2e per km0.14327kg CO2e per kmCO₂eDEFRA_2026'Passenger vehicles'!D48v2026.1commuting.car.size.small.diesel
DEFRA-derived employee commuting car (Small car, hybrid) — kgCO2e per km0.1138kg CO2e per kmCO₂eDEFRA_2026'Passenger vehicles'!L48v2026.1commuting.car.size.small.hybrid
DEFRA-derived employee commuting car (Small car, petrol) — kgCO2e per km0.14257kg CO2e per kmCO₂eDEFRA_2026'Passenger vehicles'!H48v2026.1commuting.car.size.small.petrol
DEFRA-derived employee commuting motorbike (Average, petrol) — kgCO2e per km0.11367000000000001kg CO2e per kmCO₂eDEFRA_2026'Passenger vehicles'!D66—commuting.motorbike.average
DEFRA-derived employee commuting motorbike (Large, petrol) — kgCO2e per km0.13252kg CO2e per kmCO₂eDEFRA_2026'Passenger vehicles'!D64—commuting.motorbike.large
DEFRA-derived employee commuting motorbike (Medium, petrol) — kgCO2e per km0.10107000000000001kg CO2e per kmCO₂eDEFRA_2026'Passenger vehicles'!D62—commuting.motorbike.medium
DEFRA-derived employee commuting motorbike (Small, petrol) — kgCO2e per km0.08319kg CO2e per kmCO₂eDEFRA_2026'Passenger vehicles'!D60—commuting.motorbike.small
DEFRA-derived employee commuting rail (International rail) — kgCO2e per passenger.km0.01135kg CO2e per passenger.kmCO₂eDEFRA_2026'Business travel- land'!D88v2026.1commuting.rail.international_rail
DEFRA-derived employee commuting rail (Light rail and tram) — kgCO2e per passenger.km0.02121kg CO2e per passenger.kmCO₂eDEFRA_2026'Business travel- land'!D89v2026.2commuting.rail.light_rail_tram
DEFRA-derived employee commuting rail (London Underground) — kgCO2e per passenger.km0.01549kg CO2e per passenger.kmCO₂eDEFRA_2026'Business travel- land'!D90v2026.1commuting.rail.london_underground
DEFRA-derived employee commuting rail (National rail) — kgCO2e per passenger.km0.03092kg CO2e per passenger.kmCO₂eDEFRA_2026'Business travel- land'!D87v2026.1commuting.rail.national_rail
Homeworking — 3 factors
FactorValueUnitGasSourceLast changedCanonical key
DEFRA homeworking (Homeworking (office equipment + heating), UK) — kgCO2e per FTE working hour0.32393kg CO2e per FTE working hourCO₂eDEFRA_2026'Homeworking'!C24v2026.4homeworking.gbr.combined
DEFRA homeworking (Heating, UK) — kgCO2e per FTE working hour0.30234kg CO2e per FTE working hourCO₂eDEFRA_2026'Homeworking'!C23—homeworking.gbr.heating
DEFRA homeworking (Office Equipment, UK) — kgCO2e per FTE working hour0.02159kg CO2e per FTE working hourCO₂eDEFRA_2026'Homeworking'!C22v2026.4homeworking.gbr.office_equipment

Last changed names the data-layer edition in which a factor last took a new value, reconstructed from every released edition since v2025.13. A dash means the value has not moved since tracking began, which is the answer to "is the figure I used last year still current?".

Common questions

27 factors. They are read live from the GreenCalculus data layer on every page build rather than re-typed, so the figures here are the same ones the calculators use. They come from 1 named source, listed with its publisher and licence in the Sources section above.

Not without checking the unit first. This group spans 3 different units of measurement, the most common being kg CO2e per km. A factor is only meaningful against the activity data its unit describes, which is why the spread on this page is reported per unit and never blended into a single average.

22 of the 27 factors here have been revalued at least once since tracking began, most recently in v2026.4. The Last-changed column names the edition each one last moved in, and a dash means the value has not moved at all — which is the answer to "is the figure I used last year still current?".

Every row has its own link. Click the canonical key in the last column and the address bar will hold an anchor for that one factor, so a citation resolves to the number itself rather than to a table someone has to search. Quote the data-layer edition alongside it (currently v2026.284) — values change between editions, and the version is what lets a reader resolve the exact figure you used.

Yes. This group is readable from 2 open endpoints, one for each section of the data it draws on, with no key and no signup: https://greencalculus.com/wp-json/greencalculus/v1/factors/commuting and https://greencalculus.com/wp-json/greencalculus/v1/factors/homeworking. Responses carry an X-GC-Version header so a consumer can detect a new edition without diffing the payload. Cite the upstream publisher for the values themselves.

Scroll to Top